Is civilization the product of power, or the result of human development? Have the histories of civilizations been written by conquerors, or by thinkers and cultural builders? In this book, Ali Asadian Shams examines this fundamental question by emphasizing the viewpoints of Ibn Khaldun and Allameh Jafari, challenging two distinct perspectives on civilization: one that sees civilization as rooted in power and politics, and another that considers it the outcome of human elevation.
Going beyond conventional definitions, this book explores the essence of civilization and the factors behind its rise and decline from both philosophical and historical angles. In addition to analyzing the ideas of Ibn Khaldun and Allameh Jafari, the author also reviews the viewpoints of prominent civilization scholars such as Arnold Toynbee, Will Durant, and Samuel Huntington in order to present a comprehensive picture of the civilization-building process.
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